Case Analysis of a Repeated Hydrops Fetalis Caused by Irregular Antibodies of Anti-E and Anti-c

Hydrops fetalis, stillborn fetus, and kernicterus are the severest outcomes of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). Anti-E and anti-c are common alloantibodies that lead to adverse fetal outcomes. Such adverse pregnancy outcomes can be minimized by improving pregnant women's awareness of HDFN and reinforcing the management of irregular blood group antibodies during pregnancy.