The Effect of Work Characteristics on Proactive Behavior Among Health Service Worker: The Mediating Role of Motivational State and Moderating Role of Organizational Cultural Values

This study investigates the influence of work characteristics on proactive behavior among healthcare staff at a private hospital in West Sumatera, Indonesia. The research applies the Proactive Motivation Model and Work Design Theory to assess how motivational state mediates the relationship between job design and proactive service behavior. Moreover, it explores how organizational cultural values moderate this link. Data were collected from 200 healthcare employees and analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that task characteristics and contextual characteristics significantly affect motivational state, which in turn drives proactive behavior. Meanwhile, knowledge characteristics and social characteristics have no effect on motivational state, and thus cannot be mediated by motivational state to proactive behavior. Organizational cultural values strengthen the impact of motivational state on proactive behavior. These findings highlight the importance of well-structured job roles and internalized cultural values in enhancing proactive work behavior in healthcare