Review of Interstate Analysis of Food Security in India’s Hill States: Himachal and Uttarakhand

Food security continues to be a vital developmental issue in India, especially in geographically sensitive areas like the Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand hill states.This review of literature examines the four dimensions of food security-availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability-in the context of these two Himalayan states.Through review of current research, policy contexts, and empirical analyses, the review identifies inter-state differences and similarities in agricultural productivity, infrastructure, climate resilience, and socio-economic determinants of food security outcomes.Particular focus is placed on terrain-induced constraints like limited arable land, recurrent natural disasters, and logistic challenges in supply chains.The analysis also assesses government interventions such as the Public Distribution System (PDS), integrated farming schemes, and climate-smart agriculture with respect to effectiveness in combating food insecurity in hilly areas.The review ends by examining gaps in existing literature and suggesting a localized, terrain-specific approach in order to ensure sustainable food security in mountain states.