Systematic Review on Socio-economic and Environmental Impacts of Hydropower Projects: A Global and Indian Perspective

One of the most well-known renewable energy sources, hydropower is essential for lowering reliance on fossil fuels and slowing down global warming.But even though hydropower is renewable, its growth has always been linked to intricate and extensive socioeconomic and environmental effects.This systematic analysis looks at case studies from India and around the world, highlighting problems such community dislocation, environmental damage, difficulties with governance and participation, and the exclusion of underprivileged groups, particularly women and indigenous populations.The review also looks at other models and solutions that have been suggested, like micro-and small-scale hydropower projects.In order to provide a comparative viewpoint, theme analyses are presented after structured summary tables of pertinent studies.Finally, this review concludes with policy recommendations meant to guarantee equitable and sustainable hydropower development.