Prophylactic HPV vaccines reduce recurrence rates after conization of CIN: a clinical research review

Cervical conization serves as the primary and effective treatment for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). Following conization, recurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection remain key factors contributing to the onset and progression of cervical cancer. Current evidence indicates that prophylactic HPV vaccination in HSIL/CIN2+ patients significantly reduces recurrence rates, thus lowering the risk of complications from repeat treatments. This strategy successfully integrates both primary and secondary prevention, broadening the clinical application of HPV vaccination. This review consolidates data from existing clinical studies and proposes directions for future research to inform post-conization management of HSIL.