Comparison of Debris Extrusion and Instrumentation Time Among ProTaper Next, Neoniti, and M3‐Pro Gold Rotary Systems: An In Vitro Study

Background and Objectives: Reducing apical extrusion of debris and reducing instrumentation time are desirable outcomes of rotary instruments. However, information regarding the performance of newer file designs in these areas is limited. This study aimed to compare the apical extrusion of debris and instrumentation time during root canal preparation using ProTaper Next, Neoniti, and M3‐Pro Gold rotary files. Materials and Methods: This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 54 extracted human mandibular premolars. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups ( n = 18) for instrumentation with ProTaper Next, Neoniti, and M3‐Pro Gold rotary systems. Apically extruded debris was quantified in each group using the Myers and Montgomery method. Debris extrusion and instrumentation time among three groups were statistically analyzed using one‐way ANOVA with SPSS 22 (alpha = 0.05). Results: The amount of extruded debris was minimum in ProTaper Next (2.84 ± 0.74 mg) followed by Neoniti (6.30 ± 1.51 mg) and M3‐Pro Gold (11.64 ± 3.26 mg) ( p < 0.05). Pairwise comparisons indicated significant differences between all three groups ( p = 0.001). Minimum preparation time was recorded in Neoniti (20.5 ± 4.25 s) followed by ProTaper Next (24.77 ± 6.40 s) and M3‐Pro Gold (58.83 ± 14.07 s) ( p < 0.05). The M3‐Pro Gold system demonstrated a significantly longer mean preparation time compared with the ProTaper Next and Neoniti systems ( p = 0.001). Conclusion: Among the studied groups, M3‐Pro Gold exhibited the highest apical extrusion of debris and instrumentation time. In contrast, the ProTaper Next system demonstrated the lowest apical extrusion of debris, while Neoniti required the shortest instrumentation time.