Synergistic evaluation of anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic effects of <i>Alangium salvifolium</i> and <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> extracts

In this study, <i>Alangium salvifolium</i> and <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> extracts were investigated for their antioxidant, antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities individually and in combined form. HPLC, LC-MS and UPLC phytochemicals profiling identified phenolics and flavonoids as major bioactives. Antioxidant assays showed significant DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, with the combined formulation (1:1 ratio) 91.2 and 89.6% inhibition was achieved respectively. Antidiabetic activities were first investigated <i>in vitro</i> with the ability of the combination to inhibit both α-amylase (IC₅₀ = 38.4 µg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC₅₀ = 45.2 µg/mL) having the strongest inhibitory effects. The hypolipidemic activity included inhibition of lipid peroxidation (78.5%); pancreatic lipase inhibition (70.2%). The bioactives were further molecular docked to find strong binding affinities with PPARγ, DPP-IV, and HMG-CoA reductase. Results were confirmed statistically different (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between treated and control groups. These results suggest that the extracts can exhibit synergy as natural therapeutics in diabetes and lipid disorders.