Impact of Earthworm Infestation on Tank-Irrigated Paddy Cultivation

Earthworms, traditionally known as "friends of farmers" for enhancing soil fertility, can pose challenges in paddy cultivation, particularly under tank-fed irrigation systems in Uthiramerur Block, Kancheepuram District. This study highlights their adverse effects, locally termed “Ukkirikatti,” where excessive earthworm populations create boreholes, leading to water drainage and weed growth. Their castings around paddy hills hinder tillering in early stages, and during mechanical harvesting, vermicast contamination reduces grain marketability. Farmers often rely on Carbofuran granules for control, which poses environmental and biodiversity risks. Field visits, farmer interactions, and soil and water analyses were conducted to understand the issue’s extent and identify conditions promoting earthworm proliferation. The study concludes that while earthworms benefit aerobic ecosystems, in partially flooded paddy fields, they can become a pest, necessitating eco-friendly management strategies to mitigate losses and prevent environmental harm.