Nanotechnology-driven biofertilizers: a green and revolutionary approach for sustainable agriculture and environmental protection

Abstract Over the past 10 years, nanotechnology has become a potentially revolutionary breakthrough in the areas of the industry, environment, and consumers. The fields of green chemistry and nano-biotechnology have immense promise for producing novel and exceptional products that are favourable to the modern farming systems. Due to its various applications, green technology is a fast-expanding scientific topic that has gained prominence recently. This research summarized the current information of various green synthesis methods utilizing plant components and microorganisms for nanoparticle production. Employing of nanomaterials promotes ‘biosynthesis’ and minimize the need for harmful substances and synthesis costs. We examine the biosynthesis of nanoparticles in this paper, as well as their prospective applications for environmentally friendly agriculture. With the use of nanotechnology, a whole new kind of fertilizer known as biosynthesized nano fertilizers has been created. These nano-biofertilizers can increase nutrient efficiency, minimize nutrient excess, increase plant growth, improve soil health, and boost crop development. They have various advantages over conventional fertilization techniques. Our survey indicates that the agriculture industry may benefit greatly by the utilization of nanotechnology as it provides a state-of-the-art, eco-friendly farming option.