Beyond Groups? Consociational Culture and the Representation of Cross‐Segmental Interests

Abstract In deeply divided societies, consociational power‐sharing ensures representation for ethnonational groups but raises questions about cross‐segmental interests. This paper explores “consociational culture,” arguing that consociational systems create a form of political culture which incentivises the use of group‐based categories and identities to maintain political elites' power. Using Lough Neagh's environmental crisis in Northern Ireland, this study applies Michael Saward's constructivist theory of representation to examine how cross‐segmental interests are articulated, contested, and received. Through analysis of political claims, media discourse, and interviews with key stakeholders and citizens, the research finds that while actors pragmatically engage with cross‐segmental issues, political acts remain framed and perceived through group‐based thinking. These findings highlight both the potential for cross‐segmental interests within consociational structures and the limitations imposed by ingrained cultural norms. Ultimately, while cross‐segmental issues can gain traction, their representation remains constrained by the deeply embedded logic of group primacy in political discourse and institutional design.