A study on the positive empathy of clinical nursing students and its relationship with empathy: Based on latent profile analysis

Objective Investigate and understand the level of positive empathy among nursing interns, analyze their potential categorical characteristics, and explore their positive empathy and its relationship with empathy. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on nursing interns from six grade A hospitals in Shanghai using the Positive Empathy Scale and Jefferson Empathy Scale, and potential profile analysis was performed using Mplus7. 4 software. Results The positive empathy level of intern nursing students can be divided into low level group (28%), medium level group (47%), and high level group (25%). There is a statistically significant difference (P＜0. 05) in the distribution of the three potential categories of positive empathy among intern nursing students in terms of whether he/she was from one-child family. There was a positive correlation between positive empathy and empathy among intern nursing students (P＜0. 05). Conclusion There were significant differences in the level of positive empathy among intern nursing students, and the overall situation was not ideal. It is necessary to strengthen education on relevant aspects of intern nursing students, and the positive empathy ability of nursing students is positively correlated with empathy. Reference can be made to the cultivation methods of empathy to enhance the cultivation and intervention of intern nursing students' positive empathy ability, promote their better transition from school to clinical practice, and establish a good nurse patient relationship with patients. (目的 调查了解实习护生的积极共情水平并分析其潜在类别特征, 探究实习护生的积极共情及其与共情的关系。方法 采用积极共情量表、杰弗逊共情量表对上海市某6所三甲医院的实习护生进行问卷调查, 用Mplus7. 4软件进行潜在剖面分析。结果 实习护生的积极共情水平可分为低水平组(28%)、中等水平组(47%)和高水平组(25%)。实习护生积极共情的3个潜在类别在是否是独生子女上的分布差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。实习护生的积极共情与共情呈正相关关系(P＜0. 05)。结论 实习护生的积极共情水平存在较大差异, 整体情况不太理想, 应加强对实习护生相关方面的教育。且护生的积极共情能力与共情呈正相关关系, 可参考共情的培养方法, 提升对实习护生积极共情能力的培养与干预, 促进实习护生能够更好的完成从学校到临床的转变, 与患者建立良好的护患关系。)