Research on the Evaluation of Key Elements in College Students’ Field Practice Activities Based on the AHP Model

本研究基于层次分析法对比分析传统标度与指数标度在大学生野外实践活动要素权重计算中的差异，发现指数标度通过非线性变换显著提升了核心要素的权重区分度。结果显示，实习安全性、实用性和实习前教育在指数标度下成为实践质量的决定性因素，而创新性、社会影响及思政性权重显著低于传统标度。相较于传统标度，放大安全与非安全要素权重差距来强化政策响应能力，更适用于野外实践等安全敏感型场景。研究表明，指数标度在复杂评估中更具科学性，建议高校优先配置安全与实用性资源，并通过调整标度权重强化社会价值导向，推动实践育人体系向“安全–育人–创新”协同模式升级。This study employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to comparatively analyze the differences between traditional scales and exponential scales in calculating the weights of elements in college students’ field practice activities. The findings reveal that exponential scales significantly enhance the weight discrimination of core elements through nonlinear transformations. Results indicate that internship safety, practicality, and pre-practice education emerge as decisive factors for practice quality under exponential scales, while innovation, social impact, and ideological-political education exhibit significantly lower weights compared to traditional scales. By amplifying the weight gap between safety and non-safety elements to strengthen policy response capacity, exponential scales prove more suitable for safety-sensitive scenarios such as field practices. The research demonstrates the scientific superiority of exponential scales in complex evaluations. It is recommended that universities prioritize the allocation of safety and practicality resources, refine social value orientation through scale-weight adjustments, and promote the evolution of practical education systems toward a “safety-education-innovation” collaborative model.