Sustainable Crab Fishing with Rakkang (Stick Dip Nets): Catch Performance and Socio Economic Evaluation in Tanah Laut, Indonesia

This study aims to evaluate the catch performance and socio-economic relevance of traditional stick dip nets, by comparing two types, Rakkang-A in Muara Kintap and Rakkang-B in Bawah Layung, Tanah Laut Regency, Indonesia. The fieldworks were conducted between September and October 2024. A total of 580 Rakkang were deployed in the mangrove areas, with sample size: Rakkang-A (n = 73 lifts, 10.43±0.04) and Rakkang-B (n = 71 lifts, 10.14±2.89). The crab catch data on Scylla serrata and S. olivacea were collected, and statistical analysis was performed to determine significant differences in catch rates. Results showed that the two Rakkang types effectively captured both S. serrata and S. olivacea, but with species-specific preferences. Rakkang-A was more effective for S. olivacea, while Rakkang-B yielded higher catches of S. serrata. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) analysis revealed that Rakkang-A had a higher CPUE for S. olivacea (0.14 ind/trap) compared to Rakkang-B (0.05 ind/trap). Conversely, both Rakkang types performed equally for S. serrata (0.16 ind/trap). Overall, CPUE of Rakkang-A (0.30±0.03) was approximately 1.34 times greater than that of Rakkang-B (0.22±0.05). The bait selection played a crucial role, with S. olivacea being more attracted to fish bait, whereas S. serrata preferred crab bait. These findings highlight the importance of selecting the appropriate Rakkang type and bait for optimizing crab fishing efficiency. Further research on environmental factors and gear modifications could enhance sustainability and economic viability for local fishers.