An Efficient Allocation Method for Virtual Power Plant and Energy Storage Profits Based on Shapley Value

Virtual power plants (VPPs) represent significant market entities in modern power system, where rational profit allocation serves as a vital impetus for their orderly development. To resolve the contradiction between fairness and computational efficiency in profit allocation between VPPs and energy storage systems, a cooperative game-theoretic framework based on Shapley value is proposed. First, a co-optimization model for market bidding strategy of VPP is established that considers the coordination of multiple distributed energy resources (DERs) including wind, solar, storage, and load participating in electricity markets. Subsequently, the optimal coalition is determined through marginal contribution pre-calculation, and revenue table for different sub coalitions are generated. Finally, case studies on a VPP and energy storage systems in a certain region of China is employed for demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional Shapley value, the combined dimensionality reduction method based on coalition revenue features proposed effectively replaces the traditional exhaustive calculation by establishing a feature revenue mapping relationship.