Optimal Scheduling Strategy for PV-ES-CS in Public Buildings Considering Economy and Demand Response

With the rapid development of photovoltaic, energy storage and charging stations, buildings have gradually changed from energy consumers to energy producers, storage and managers. Building energy systems become more economical and intelligent. At present, the main challenges are the limited intelligent collaboration capability and the high cost. This paper focuses on the strategy for photovoltaic-energy storage-charging station (PV-ES-CS) from the perspectives of economic efficiency and demand response, aiming to establish the algorithm model of the system and analyze its application effects in different scenes. A cost optimization model of the system is constructed, considering uncertainties in PV generation, charge-discharge constraints of energy storage, and power distribution constraints of the charging station. The model allows for comparing operational costs across different scenes and identifies the most economically beneficial strategy. The result shows that the innovative energy-saving algorithm significantly reduces power purchase costs and enhances PV utilization through flexible scheduling and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) functions. Meanwhile, the demand response scene demonstrates the system’s ability to reduce grid load and obtain subsidies through cooperative scheduling, highlighting its effectiveness in meeting grid demand response requirements.