Research Progress on Influencing Factors of Electrostatic Precipitator Efficiency

Electrostatic precipitation technology has found widespread application across a variety of disciplines. It is distinguished by its high dust removal efficiency, substantial flue gas processing capacity, and low operating costs. However, the current state of electrostatic precipitation technology exhibits several limitations. Specifically, it faces challenges in efficiently removing submicron particles, experiences low power density from the power supply, and exhibits significant voltage pulsation. Additionally, it demonstrates poor operational stability under high-temperature conditions. This paper systematically compares electrostatic precipitation technologies by analyzing factors influencing dust removal efficiency and proposes future developmental trajectories Research suggests that, regarding electrode materials, traditional metal electrodes are extremely vulnerable to interferences from factors like humidity, acid-base corrosion. Consequently, novel non-metallic and composite electrodes have emerged as the crucial points of contemporary research and development. The selection of the pole configuration is determined by the specific application scenario, with the enhancement of the electric field proving effective in augmenting dust removal efficiency. The power supply is expected to evolve in the direction of high-frequency, high-pulse, and intelligent designs, and the triboelectric nanogenerator is expected to pioneer novel pathways. It is also imperative to consider numerous factors, including vibration dust removal, dust reentrainment, dust characteristics, gas concentration, hightemperature dust removal, and inlet gas velocity, to accommodate complex and variable working conditions. The integration of artificial intelligence technology enables a systematic analysis of complex parameter interactions, providing a robust scientific foundation for optimizing the design and enhancing the operational efficiency of electrostatic precipitation systems.