A Small Pentagonal Patch MIMO Antenna for 5G and WLAN Devices

In present work, a small two-element multiple input multiple output (MIMO) patch antenna is proposed for the 5 G i.e. fifth generation and WLAN wireless standards. The antenna, having a compact structure of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$44 \text{mm} \times 28 \text{mm} \times 1.6 \text{mm}$</tex> incorporates a partial ground plane. The antenna proposed resonate at 3.92 GHz and 7.65 GHz and therefore, operates within the sub-6 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{G H z}$</tex> frequency bands, ensuring compatibility with modern wireless communication systems. The design incorporates a low-profile structure with optimized isolation techniques to enhance MIMO performance while minimizing mutual coupling. Simulated and measured results demonstrate excellent impedance matching, stable gain characteristics and high radiation efficiency across target frequency bands. The antenna proposed exhibits good isolation in between the elements which is as shown in MIMO characteristics. The compact form factor and robust performance make the proposed antenna suitable for integration into nextgeneration wireless devices such as portable devices, IoT systems, wearable gadgets, etc.