High-Accuracy 3D Reconstruction and Measurement of Flexible Surface Arrays

The deformation of flexible materials in near-space environments varies with altitude and temperature, impacting the performance of sensor arrays mounted on their surfaces. Although stereo vision technology is widely applied across various domains, its use in measuring the deformation of flexible materials remains limited due to challenges such as complex shape changes and low-texture surfaces. This study proposes a method for measuring deformation in flexible surface arrays using infrared stereo cameras. After stereo camera calibration, a semi-global matching (SGM) algorithm is employed to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the surface. Additionally, the Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF) algorithm is used to extract reference points. An infrared laser emitter is integrated into the system to enhance measurement accuracy, particularly in low-texture regions, and to reduce the influence of environmental noise. The proposed method provides a novel solution for deformation analysis in flexible materials and shows promising potential for applications in flexible electronics, robotics, and aerospace safety monitoring.