Correlation analysis between diseases and blood component utilization in different ABO blood groups

This study aims to investigate the relationship between ABO blood group, blood component usage, and various diseases to enhance clinical blood preparation and transfusion efficacy. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on data of patients who were hospitalized and received transfusions at the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from 2021 to 2023. The results indicated significant variations in ABO blood group distribution among various departments. Group A was predominant in gynecology (34.53%) and hepatobiliary surgery (35.60%), while group O was found to be the most frequent blood type in obstetrics (34.97%) and urology (34.53%). Blood component usage was also correlated with diseases: red blood cell (RBC) transfusions were predominantly administered to cancer patients (12.76%), liver disease patients receiving the highest amount of frozen plasma (FP) and cryoprecipitate (19.71%, 27.05%), and autoimmune hemolytic anemia patients receiving the highest amount of platelets (PLTs, 30.29%). Additionally, group O was more frequently used for RBCs (34.72%), FP (36.17%), and PLTs (36.84%), whereas group A showed predominant usage in RBCs (34.56%) and cryoprecipitate (34.21%). This study emphasizes the connection between ABO blood group, blood transfusion components, and diseases, providing valuable insights for clinical blood management.