Asymptomatic Glandular Odontogenic Cyst of the Right Posterior Maxilla Involving the Maxillary Sinus: Case Report With Literature Review

Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a rare jaw cyst with potential for recurrence and aggressive behaviour. We present a case of a 41-year-old male patient with an incidentally discovered, asymptomatic unilocular radiolucency in the right posterior maxilla extending into the maxillary sinus, along with a focused literature review on GOC cases involving the maxillary sinus. Initial radiographic diagnosis suggested an odontogenic keratocyst (OKC). The lesion was surgically enucleated via Caldwell-Luc approach, and histopathology confirmed GOC characterized by mucous cells, epithelial plaques, and pseudostratified columnar epithelium resembling respiratory type. The postoperative course was uneventful, with satisfactory osseous healing at six months. This case underscores the need to consider GOC in differential diagnoses of sinus-involved maxillary lesions. Imaging and histology are critical for diagnosis, and long-term follow-up is advised.