DMSO-Free Tin Halide Perovskites for Indoor Photovoltaics
Indoor photovoltaic (IPV) technology has emerged as an effective strategy to sustainably power batteryless Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Though tin perovskite solar cells offer competitive IPV performance, their effectiveness is often compromised by Sn<sup>2+</sup> oxidation, particularly when processed with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent. This work explored the IPV performance of DMSO-free tin perovskites FASnI<sub>3-<i>x</i></sub> Br <sub><i>x</i></sub> by tuning the halide composition. Notably, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms no traces of Sn<sup>4+</sup>, highlighting the critical role of eliminating DMSO. Under 1000 lx indoor illumination, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) increases with Br content, reaching a maximum of 11.1% for FASnI<sub>2</sub>Br without introducing any reducing agent. Remarkably, after six months of storage, it exhibited an impressive indoor PCE of 11.9%, demonstrating the effectiveness of the DMSO-free processing route for the intrinsic stability of the tin perovskite. These findings provide crucial insights for developing high-performance, lead-free perovskite materials for sustainable energy applications and IoT devices.
Authors
- Muhammad Okash Ur Rehman
- Shengnan Zuo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4842-9871)
- Antonio Abate (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3012-3541)
- Maxim Simmonds
- Paola Vivo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2872-6922)
- Meng Ke Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0360-7791)
- Debendra Prasad Panda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1959-4868)
- G. Krishnamurthy Grandhi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9986-1000)
- Ernesto Di Maio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3276-174X)
- Paolo Aprea (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4883-7961)
- Fengshuo Zu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5861-4887)
- Enrica Luzzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-6418)
- Paola Alippi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4276-7501)
- Norbert Koch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6042-6447)
- Zafar Iqbal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0502-8136)
- Luigi Sanguigno
- Lorenzo Miele (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9442-2885)
- Rabeb Issaoui
- Madineh Rastgoo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5160-9682)
Institutions
- Tampere University (FI)
- Henan University (CN)
- Bielefeld University (DE)
- Hochschule Bielefeld (DE)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Institute of Structure of Matter (IT)
- Nippon Chemical Industrial (Japan) (JP)
- Technische Universität Berlin (DE)
- University of Naples Federico II (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- ACS Energy Letters
- Published
- 2025-07-14
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c01581
- Citations
- 5
- Primary Topic
- Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.65
Funders
- Academy of Finland
- Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare
- Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie