Industria 4.0 y su relación con la automatización en la industria Alimentaria: Una revisión sistemática y bibliométrica

This review article examines current applications of automation in the food industry and its connection to the Industry 4.0 paradigm, analyzing key trends, benefits, and challenges associated with the adoption of emerging technologies. A systematic literature review was conducted using the Scopus database, applying the PICOC framework and the PRISMA protocol, which led to the selection of 120 relevant studies. Bibliometric analysis, carried out using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix, supported the search process and helped identify consolidated themes. The findings show that Industry 4.0 offers multiple opportunities to enhance efficiency, traceability, and responsiveness in the food sector through the integration of artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, and blockchain technologies. However, its implementation faces significant barriers, such as the shortage of qualified personnel and resistance to change within traditional organizational structures. Future research should explore the impact of these transformations on workforce skill development and the design of strategies to overcome the identified challenges. Moreover, it is essential to assess how these technologies can contribute to more sustainable production by optimizing resource use and reducing environmental impact, in alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals