Luminescent Nanocomposite SiO₂/EuTTA/ZIF-8 Loaded with Uvaol: Synthesis, Characterization, Anti-Inflammatory Effects, and Molecular Docking Analysis

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory condition that requires innovative approaches for effective drug delivery. Uvaol, a natural triterpene with potent anti-inflammatory effects, holds promise for asthma treatment. However, its low bioavailability limits its therapeutic applications. To overcome this challenge, we synthesized a europium-based nanocomposite (SiO₂/EuTTA/ZIF-8) to enhance uvaol delivery. The nanomaterials were characterized using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence analysis, and molecular docking simulations. Drug loading and release studies were conducted in PBS to evaluate encapsulation efficiency and controlled release properties. Cytotoxicity assays were performed to assess biocompatibility, and molecular docking was used to analyze interactions between uvaol and ZIF-8. The synthesized nanocomposite demonstrated efficient uvaol encapsulation and controlled release in PBS. Cytotoxicity assays revealed biocompatibility at low concentrations (≤10 μg/mL) and toxicity at higher concentrations (≥50 μg/mL). In addition, SiO₂/EuTTA/ZIF-8-uvaol revealed the inhibition of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α in J774 cells. Molecular docking studies highlighted hydrophobic interactions and π-π stacking between uvaol and ZIF-8, supporting stable drug-nanocarrier binding. These findings suggest that SiO₂/EuTTA/ZIF-8-uvaol is a promising platform for improving uvaol bioavailability and enabling controlled drug delivery in asthma therapy. Additionally, europium luminescence offers the advantage of real-time monitoring, further enhancing the potential of this nanocomposite for therapeutic applications.