Real-Time Fault Localization in Underground Cables: An Arduino-Based Approach

This paper presents a functional Arduino based platform for real time undergoing cable fault detection for enhancing the reliability and efficiency of the electrical distribution system. Conventional fault detection methods typically need lengthy diagnosis processes and manual inspections resulting in extended outages and high maintenance cost. An Arduino microcontroller system monitors real time cable voltage and current signals, detecting faults by analyzing resistance and voltage variations along the cable. The system accurately locates cable faults, connecting <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$100 \Omega$</tex> resistors arranged in series to simulate cable resistance. It activates a relay for isolating the faulty phase while simultaneously displaying real-time fault details and phase identification on an LCD screen. This study utilizes Proteus VSM software for detailed system simulation, ensuring operational success before actual deployment. The integration of real-time monitoring technology with digital signal processing provides a cost-effective, scalable, and reliable solution for detecting underground cable faults. These enhancements ensure rapid responsiveness and automated fault detection, significantly improving the efficiency and reliability of the cable network.