Electrostatic Charging Tendency (ECT) of Natural Ester-Based ZnO, TiO₂ and CuO Nanofluids

This paper deals with the investigation of the effect of adding various types of nanoparticles (NPs) at different concentrations on electrostatic charging tendency (ECT) of FR3 natural ester (NE), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf>) and copper oxide (CuO) nanofluids (NFs) at a concentration of 0.1 g/L. The ECT measurements are performed using a spinning disk method, based on the CIGRE method. The disk speed used in the test was 200, 450, and 700 rpm. The results of the measurements were presented in the form of the charge accumulated in the volume over time. It appears from the experimental results that the influence of nanoparticles (NPs) on the ECT of nanofluids depends on the nature, dimensions, and concentration of NPs. The results show that adding specific nanoparticles leads to decreases in ECT, depending on the applied speed.