Plasma Decontamination of Pesticides and Pathogens: Investigating Plasma as an Eco-Friendly Method for Reducing Agricultural Pollutants

Modern agricultural systems extensively use chemical pesticides to protect crops, while also facing increasing challenges from microbial contamination. However, these practices pose significant risks to human health and environmental well-being. Conventional decontamination approaches such as chemical washing, heat treatments, or mechanical methods often fall short due to inefficiency, high energy demands, or the generation of harmful by-products. In this context, plasma technology, particularly non-thermal plasma (NTP), has emerged as a sustainable and effective alternative. NTP operates at near-room temperature and produces reactive species capable of breaking down complex pesticide molecules and neutralizing a broad spectrum of pathogens without damaging sensitive produce. This paper explores the underlying mechanisms through which plasma interacts with pesticides and microorganisms, reviews current technological advancements, and assesses the applicability of plasma-based solutions for agricultural decontamination. It also highlights both experimental findings and theoretical insights, while outlining future research needs and strategies for integrating plasma technology into eco-friendly and sustainable agricultural practices. Keywords : Non-Thermal Plasma (NTP), Pesticide Degradation, Pathogen Inactivation, Plasma Agriculture, Eco-Friendly Decontamination, Sustainable Farming Technologies