Power Distance, Communication, and Safety: A Study on Aircraft Maintenance Workers

This study examines the influence of organizational power distance on communication, voice behavior, and safety-related decisions in the aviation maintenance sector. In this high-risk field, precision and collaboration are critical. Using a qualitative research design, in-depth interviews were conducted with 13 aircraft maintenance technicians from four companies. Thematic analysis identified four main categories: social withdrawal, acquiescence to power, instrumental use of power, and sensitivity to others' judgments, which refers to the tendency of employees to consider the opinions and reactions of their peers and superiors before speaking up or making decisions. Our findings reveal a significant aspect of the aviation maintenance sector. While many employees are willing to speak up when they disagree with the majority, some—especially younger and less experienced technicians—prefer to remain silent due to hierarchical pressures and fear of retaliation. This behavior contributes to organizational silence, which may hinder the detection of safety threats. Participants also strongly opposed favoritism, linking it to the unethical instrumental use of power. While some viewed strict leadership as necessary for enforcing discipline, others emphasized the importance of respectful, human-centered management. The study underscores the urgent need for participatory management practices in the aviation maintenance sector. Power distance is not static but shaped by organizational culture, self-confidence, seniority, and perceived psychological safety. To reduce risks and promote safety, organizations must prioritize the development of participatory management practices, transparent communication structures, and environments that support speaking up without fear. These findings contribute to broader discussions on organizational culture and safety in high-stakes industries like aviation.