Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Russian-language version of the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOxFQ) in patients with foot and ankle disorders

Background. The Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOxFQ) is one of the most validated and widely used tools assessing foot and ankle disorders based on patient-reported outcomes. To date, there has been no Russian-language version of the MOxFQ that has been adapted according to international methodological standards. The aim of the study — to perform the cross-cultural adaptation and to assess the psychometric validity of the Russian-language version of the MOxFQ among patients with foot and ankle pathology. Methods. The study enrolled 50 patients who were in the preoperative stage of treatment for foot and ankle joint disorders. The MOxFQ was translated and adapted following the ISPOR guidelines. All patients completed both the MOxFQ and EQ-5D-5L questionnaires. Test-retest reliability was assessed 7-14 days later in 38 patients who had not undergone surgery or other interventions during this period. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s α), test-retest reliability (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC), floor and ceiling effects, and construct validity were evaluated. Results. The Russian-language version of the MOxFQ showed high internal consistency (α= 0.878) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.758). SEM accounted for 3.09 points; MDC — 8.55 points. No floor or ceiling effects were observed. Significant correlations were found between the total MOxFQ score and EQ-5D-5L domains (ρ = 0.599-0.745; p 0.001), as well as with the VAS (ρ = -0.564; p 0.001). Conclusion. The Russian-language version of the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire demonstrated strong psychometric properties and is recommended for use in clinical and research practice.