Forest Fire Monitoring Analysis Based on X-band Dual-Polarization Phased-Array Radar and Himawari-8 Satellite Remote Sensing

To verify the detection capability of X-band dual-polarization phased-array radar for forest fires, this paper uses X-band dual-polarization phased-array radar data, Himawari-8 satellite data and combines ground meteorological automatic station data. Taking the forest fire process in Ao Feng Mountain, Enping, Jiangmen, Guangdong on February 19, 2021, as a case study, it conducts a comparative analysis of the forest fire monitoring results of the two detection methods. The results show that both of them have the significance feature of the forest fire process observed and are effective modern methods of forest fire monitoring. The Himawari-8 satellite first identified the fire point at 07:10 (LST; LST=UTC+8), then the detection was conducted every 10 minutes until the last set of data appeared at 10:00, which was still nearly two hours away from the actual fire being wholly extinguished. Compared with the satellite, the X-band dual polarization phased array radar showed a significant feature of the fire 14 minutes earlier, with an improved time resolution of every minute, and is not affected by cloud cover. In the triggering stage, vigorous stage, sustained burning stage, and extinguishing stage of the forest fire, the radar characteristic factors such as reflectivity (Z), differential reflectivity (ZDR), and correlation coefficient (CC) have good corresponding relationships. The monitoring results are continuous, complete, and precise. In summary, the X-band dual-polarization phased-array radar has more detailed detection information, shorter detection time interval, and higher detection spatial accuracy, which will be used as a new forest fire detection method to provide essential guidance for the rapidly changing on-site fire rescue work in the future, especially in small-scale forest fire processes.