Investigation of paraoxonase1 enzyme activity and Q/R 192 polymorphism in severe COVID-19 cases

COVID-19, an infection associated with numerous cases and deaths globally since 2019, has been a subject of extensive research. Paraoxonase1 (PON1), recognized for its antioxidant activity and contribution to the reduction of oxidative damage, is the focus of this study. The research aims to measure the activity of the human serum PON1 enzyme with detoxification and antioxidant properties in COVID-19 cases leading to pneumonia. Additionally, the phenotype of the PON1 Q/R 192 polymorphism is investigated and compared with a control group. The study includes 26 severe COVID-19 cases and 24 healthy individuals. The phenotype distribution of patients is determined as 38.48% QQ, 53.83% QR, and 7.69% RR, while in the control group, these percentages are 50.00% QQ, 29.17% QR, and 20.83% RR. Furthermore, PON1 activity is measured in 26 COVID-19 patients and 24 healthy individuals. The results indicate distinct differences in the phenotype distribution of the PON1 Q/R 192 polymorphism between COVID-19 patients and the control group. The percentages of QQ, QR, and RR are unique in both groups. Additionally, PON1 activity is measured, revealing that the control group exhibits higher PON1 activity compared to the affected individuals.