Impact of a Low-carb Diet on Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Based on the Intermittent Fasting Regimen

Individuals with DM2 were the subjects of this study. The nutritional intervention was made according to the IF food regime with a 6-hour feeding window of 24 hours, according to the low-calorie, low-carb diet (IF 6/24-LCD). Three checkpoints were used: phase T0, which was before to the intervention's commencement; phase T1, which was four weeks after the start of the intervention; and phase T2, which was the concluding phase, which was eight weeks after the intervention. The average results of the laboratory tests for TG/HDL ratio 3.23 ±0.36, Homa-IR 6.99±1.37, HbA1c 8.19± 1.21, and glycemia were 9.02± 1.78.In T2, the average weight loss based on BMI was 29.60±3.85 (p > 0.032), or a -9.4 ∆% percentage difference from T0. The average W/H-ratio was 0.98±0.04 to 0.957±0.02 (p > 0.005). The TG/HDL ratio ranged from 3.23±0.36 to 1.20±0.36 on average (p > 0.007). (P=0.036) HbA1c from 8.19±1.21 to 6.99±1.23. While ketonuria was found in the urine in both control phases T1 and T2, at 1.84± 0.81 mmol/L and 1.75±0.17 mmol/L, respectively, the presence of ketones in the urine was not observed in the T0 phase (0,195±0.07 mmol/L). The study's BMI/ketone correlation was negative, indicating that the nutritional intervention was beneficial based on IF-LCD. This is because the metabolic shift during lipolysis causes fat mass to decrease. It also resulted in a positive correlation between TG/HDL-ratio after nutritional intervention. To our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind conducted in Kosovo, offering novel insights for localized diabetes management strategies.