STRATEGIC TOOLS FOR BUSINESS EXPANSION: MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) serve as an important tool for the strategic growth of companies. They enable businesses to enter new markets, increase productivity, and strengthen their positions in a competitive environment. These processes play a significant role in the global economy and have a substantial impact on both individual companies and entire business sectors, highlighting the relevance of the topic. The aim of this study is to analyze the main aspects of merger and acquisition processes, their impact on companies and the market, as well as to examine key trends in the M&A sphere. The article outlines the major historical waves (stages) of mergers and acquisitions. Since 1887, seven such waves have been identified. The peak of M&A growth in the current century occurred in 2015. Companies began focusing on strategic mergers to enhance efficiency and gain access to new markets. Technological firms played a significant role, actively investing in startups and innovative projects. The main drivers of this growth were the financial, pharmaceutical, and energy sectors. Geopolitical events in 2022, such as the war in Ukraine and sanctions against the Russian Federation, had a negative impact on the global M&A market, significantly reducing its activity. Current trends in the M&A market point to increased interest in technology deals, innovative sectors, and projects aimed at sustainable development. Despite challenging macroeconomic conditions and wartime pressures, the Ukrainian M&A market remains resilient, and Ukrainian companies are actively strengthening their presence in international markets. This is particularly evidenced by such cross-border deals as: the acquisition of Creatio by U.S.-based Sapphire Ventures, StepStone Group, and Volition Capital (deal value – USD 200 million); Datagroup-Volia by French NJJ Capital (deal value – USD 120 million); the United Mining and Chemical Company by Azerbaijani NEQSOL Holding (deal value – USD 95 million). Thus, mergers and acquisitions continue to play a significant role in driving economic growth. Competent management of M&A processes can ensure long-term development, enhanced competitiveness, and increased innovation within companies.