Causal association between modifiable risk factors and esophageal cancer: A Mendelian randomization study
Our findings suggest that coffee intake, smoking, and BMI potentially contribute as risk factors in the pathogenesis of EC, whereas type 2 diabetes, duration of education, and LDL-C may function as protective elements against the development of this malignancy.
Authors
- Zhimin Shen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9294-4532)
- Mingqiang Kang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2252-2315)
- Jennifer S. Yu
- Limin Ruan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4922-318X)
- Renyan Mao
- Peipei Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3680-1136)
- Jihong Lin
- Weiguang Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-4907)
- Lei Gao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3897-6362)
- Xiaoqing Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2119-003X)
- Ye Lin
- Tianxin Lin
Institutions
- Fujian Medical University (CN)
- Union Hospital (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Discover Oncology
- Published
- 2025-07-14
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-03094-x
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Esophageal Cancer Research and Treatment
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 4.01
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China