DYNAMICS, FACTORS AND TRENDS OF THE GLOBAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET

The article notes that the last decade has been marked by a rapid growth in sales and the fleet of electric vehicles. The creation of a new segment of the automotive industry and a sharp increase in the production of electric vehicles plays one of the key roles in the energy transition, as it allows reducing greenhouse gas emissions due to greater engine efficiency and the potential for using low-carbon electricity for charging, and also significantly reduces urban air pollution directly in places with the highest population density. The dynamic growth of the electric vehicle market is due to three main driving factors, which interact, reinforcing the influence of each other: 1) government policy aimed at tightening requirements for harmful emissions and, in parallel, subsidizing the transition to electric vehicles; 2) car companies that are already making significant investments in the development of their electrified transport line in order not to lose a share of the promising market; 3) consumers who are becoming increasingly demanding regarding the environmental friendliness and economy of the car. It has been established that in the perspective of 2050, the main trend of the policy on electric vehicles at the country level will be a gradual increase in the share and sales of all types of electric vehicles. Current trends clearly signal that the automotive market is entering a new qualitative stage. Electric vehicles are moving into the category of mass products, and the market is gradually restructuring towards strengthening their role, and these changes are supported by the supply factor - a scenario is quite possible when car companies will begin to curtail the production of traditional cars, and the population of many countries will simply not be able to buy them. In the next 5-10 years, developed countries and China will continue to be the main drivers of electromobility, after which the main growth will fall on developing countries, primarily Southeast Asia, and in the 2040s, growth may shift towards African and Latin American countries, provided that cost parity is achieved and/or the production of ICE cars is discontinued by leading automakers.