Optimizing bus rapid transit performance through route analysis: Evidence from Trans Metro Deli Medan

Public transportation systems play a vital role in urban mobility, with Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) emerging as a cost-effective solution for medium-sized cities. This study aims to evaluate the operational performance of Trans Metro Deli BRT system in Medan, Indonesia, and propose optimization strategies for underperforming routes. The research employed a comprehensive data collection approach, combining on-board dynamic surveys and static terminal observations. Performance metrics were analyzed using standardized indicators from the Directorate General of Land Transportation guidelines, while Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis and mathematical demand modeling were utilized for route optimization assessment. The study revealed that while Corridors 1-4 maintained satisfactory performance metrics, Corridor 5 significantly underperformed with load factors of 48% during peak hours and 15% during off-peak hours. Route optimization analysis incorporating major educational institutions showed potential daily ridership of 26,190 passengers for Corridor 5, requiring 19 vehicles for optimal service. These findings demonstrate the importance of route alignment with major activity centers and provide transit planners with evidence-based recommendations for BRT system optimization in developing cities.