Optimizing carbon bio-sequestration and biomass yield of setaria grass for net-zero goals in karst ecosystems

Addressing the global climate crisis necessitates innovative carbon sequestration strategies, particularly in marginal ecosystems such as karst regions characterized by low fertility and limited organic carbon content. This study evaluates the potential of Setaria splendida grass to enhance carbon bio-sequestration under varying doses of organic liquid fertilizer. Above- and below-ground biomass measurements were used to quantify total carbon storage. Fertilizer application significantly increased dry below-ground biomass (BGB), which accounted for most carbon stored, highlighting the critical role of root systems in carbon sequestration and soil improvement through root exudates. Additionally, increased above-ground biomass (AGB) contributes to carbon storage and supports local livestock by enhancing forage availability. Total carbon storage ranged from 7.34 to 37.26 tons/ha, depending on fertilizer dosage. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of organic liquid fertilizer in optimizing carbon storage and biomass productivity, providing a scalable approach for restoring degraded ecosystems. This approach could be scaled to similar marginal ecosystems globally, offering dual benefits for carbon sequestration and sustainable agriculture.