Research Progress on the Deterioration of Neurological Function in the Early Stage of Stroke Related to Acute Branch Atheromatous Disease

穿支动脉粥样硬化病(Branch Atheromatous Disease, BAD)是急性穿支动脉梗死的重要病因，占亚洲人群小动脉闭塞性卒中的30%~50%。国内外研究对于BAD相关卒中易出现早期神经功能恶化(END)的机制和危险因素已有一定的结论，但目前对于END的确切病因、病理机制及预测指标尚未完全阐明，仍有不同观点。因此缺乏有效防治措施，导致患者预后不良。近期大量研究显示BAD型脑梗死发生END可能与以下临床、检验、影像学等因素有关，有望成为更好的预测指标。本文就END的发生机制及相关危险因素进行综述。Branch Atheromatous Disease (BAD) is an important cause of acute atheromatous infarction, accounting for 30%~50% of small arterial occlusive strokes in Asians. Studies at home and abroad have drawn certain conclusions on the mechanism and risk factors of early neurological deterioration (END) in BAD-related stroke. However, the exact etiology, pathological mechanism and prediction indicators of END have not been fully clarified, and there are still different views. Therefore, the lack of effective prevention and control measures leads to poor prognosis of patients. A large number of recent studies have shown that the END of BAD cerebral infarction may be related to the following clinical, laboratory, imaging and other factors, which are expected to be a better predictive indicator. This article reviews the mechanism of END and related risk factors.