Types of Parental Efficacy and Predictive Variables of Parents of Multicultural Children : Verification of Differences with Children's School Adaptation

This study attempted to examine the types of parental efficacy of multicultural children and to verify the differences between influencing factors by type and children's adaptation to school. To this end, survey data for the 3rd year (6th grade of elementary school) of the 2nd panel of Multicultural Adolescents Panal Study were used. As a result of the analysis, first, the types of parental efficacy of parents of multicultural children were derived into a total of four types: 'low parental efficacy group', 'low parental role group', 'middle parental efficacy group', and 'high parental efficacy and parental role group'. Second, through multinomial logistic regression, the better the health status of parents of multicultural children and the higher the economic level, the higher the probability of belonging to the 'low parental efficacy group', 'middle parental efficacy group', and 'high parental efficacy and parental role group' than the probability of belonging to the 'low parental efficacy group'. The educational level of children's hope had a significant influence only in the 'middle parental efficacy group' and the 'high parental efficacy and parental role group', and it did not have a significant effect in the 'low parental role group', so the pattern of predictors was found to be different for each potential group. In particular, whenever the educational level of children's hope is raised to a higher level of education, the probability of belonging to the 'high parental efficacy and parental role group' compared to the 'low parental efficacy group' was found to be 4.202 times more likely to belong to the 'high parental efficacy group'. Third, when looking at the average of children's school adaptation according to the type of parental efficacy of multicultural children, there was a significant difference in the order of 'high parental efficacy and parental role group' > 'middle parental efficacy group' > 'low parental efficacy group'. This study confirmed that potential profiles can be classified according to the level of parental efficacy of multicultural children, and it was confirmed that the pattern of predictors was different. In addition, as a result of analyzing differences between school adaptations of multicultural children through latent profile analysis, it is meaningful to verify the importance of parental efficacy and parental roles for multicultural children.