The Impact of the H-5AL Teaching and Learning Model on Self-directed Learning, Communication, and Problem Solving Skills in an Introduction to Childcare Class for Prospective Childcare Teachers

The purpose of this study was to empirically examine the effects of the H-5AL teaching and learning model—an integrated approach combining Havruta, gamification, and smart activities—on the self-directed learning, communication, and problem-solving abilities of prospective childcare teachers. The participants were 63 students enrolled in an Introduction to Childcare course at S University in C City. Pre- and post-tests using validated measurement tools were administered, and the data were analyzed using paired sample t-tests. The results indicated statistically significant improvements in self-directed learning (t = -5.27, p < .001), communication (t = -3.93, p < .001), and problem-solving skills (t = -4.15, p < .001). Sub-domain analysis revealed significant gains in most areas, with the exception of ‘understanding others’ and ‘analytical thinking.’ These findings suggest that the H-5AL model is an effective instructional strategy for enhancing core competencies in prospective childcare teachers. This study provides foundational data supporting the applicability of the H-5AL model in childcare teacher education and offers practical insights into the integrated use of teaching and learning strategies.