Hemodynamic effects of propofol-fentanyl versus propofol-lidocaine in patients undergoing upper endoscopy at a hospital in Kerman, Iran

Background: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) is a common diagnostic procedure requiring effective anesthesia to ensure patient comfort and hemodynamic stability.This study compares the hemodynamic effects and gag reflex suppression associated with propofol-fentanyl versus propofollidocaine in patients undergoing UGIE at Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman, Iran.Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted at Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman in 2021.Patients were divided into two groups: one receiving propofol-fentanyl and the other receiving propofol-lidocaine.Hemodynamic parameters, including blood pressure, heart rate, arterial blood oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate, were measured before administration of anesthesia, immediately after injection, and every 5 minutes until the procedure concluded.The patient's gag reflex was also assessed during endoscopy.Collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 (IBM Corp.).Results: Mean heart rate and respiratory rate differed significantly between the two groups during endoscopy.Additionally, the propofol-fentanyl group exhibited greater suppression of the gag reflex.Conclusion: The combinations of propofol-fentanyl and propofol-lidocaine exert different impacts on hemodynamic parameters and result in varying complication rates during endoscopy.Our findings indicate that propofol-fentanyl promotes more stable hemodynamic parameters and fewer side effects, including reduced gag reflex activation during endoscopy.Thus, the combination of propofol and fentanyl may be more appropriate for anesthesia during endoscopic procedures.