The Impact of Social Networks on the Entrepreneurial Intention of Tunisian Women: A Comparative Analysis of Informal and Formal Ties

This research examines the influence of different forms of social networks—informal networks characterized by strong ties (e.g., family and friends) and formal networks characterized by weak ties (e.g., entrepreneurial associations and support institutions)—on the entrepreneurial intention of Tunisian women. Drawing on a quantitative research design, data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to a purposive sample of 100 Tunisian female entrepreneurs. The empirical analysis demonstrates that informal social networks exert a significantly greater impact on entrepreneurial intention than formal networks. Specifically, the presence of a close entrepreneurial role model, the perception of favorable subjective norms, and strong emotional and moral support from family and friends were found to be critical determinants of entrepreneurial intent. In contrast, access to formal support structures such as incubators, professional associations, or business development services showed a comparatively weaker effect. The study is limited by its context-specific sample and cross-sectional design, which may constrain the generalizability of its findings. Nevertheless, it provides meaningful contributions to the literature on gender and entrepreneurship in the MENA region by highlighting the pivotal role of social capital, particularly informal networks, in shaping women’s entrepreneurial trajectories. The findings hold practical implications for policymakers and entrepreneurship support organizations seeking to design more inclusive and socially embedded interventions that respond to the lived realities of women entrepreneurs in Tunisia.