Management of Urinary Lithiasis in Children in the Urology Department of the Ignace Deen University Hospital in Conakry

Introduction: Urinary lithiasis in children is less common than in adults. Its etiologies are dominated by malformations of the urinary system and hereditary diseases. The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic particularities of urinary lithiasis in children in the urology department of the Ignace Deen University Hospital in Conakry. Methodology: This was a descriptive, retrospective, single-center study conducted over a period of 10 years, which concerned children aged 0 to 15 years, operated for urinary lithiasis in the urology department of the Ignace Deen University Hospital in Conakry. Results: Urinary lithiasis in children represented 19.2% of cases of lithiasis operated in the department. The average age of patients was 8.43 ± 5.13 years with extremes of 1 and 15 years. The male predominance was very marked with a sex ratio of 9.3. Dysuria was the most frequent symptom in 90.3% of cases. The stones were mainly located in the lower urinary tract (64.5%) with a predominance of the bladder location. All our patients had benefited from open surgical treatment. The postoperative course was favorable in 51 cases (82.3%), against 11 cases of postoperative complications (17.7%). The average hospital stay was 11.8 ± 4.9 days with extremes of 6 and 32 days. Conclusion: Urinary lithiasis in children represents a significant part of the department's activity. Lower urinary tract lithiasis is the most frequent in our context. Ultrasound and urinary tract without preparation occupy an important place in the diagnostic assessment. Minimally invasive treatment methods for childhood stones remain unavailable in the department.