Development and validation of self-instructional and supplemental module in teachingrational numbers

This study aimed to develop and validate a self-instructional and supplemental moduleinteaching rational numbers to Grade 7 students at General Aguinaldo National HighSchool. Rational numbers remain a challenging topic for many learners, often due to gaps inunderstanding foundational concepts. To address this, the researcher designed a self-pacedlearning material titled Rational Numbers Made Easy, which includes scaffolded supports intheform of lesson “snippets” to review prerequisite skills. The development of the module followedthe ADDIE Model—Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Subject-matter experts assessed the module based on its objectives, content, format, presentation, usefulness, intellectual property compliance, and assessment quality. Students also evaluateditsclarity and usability. A pretest-posttest design was used to measure its effectiveness. Resultsshowed that experts rated the module with an overall mean of 4.74 (Strongly Agree), indicatingexcellent quality, while students gave it a rating of 4.07 (Agree), reflecting strong acceptability. Apaired t-test revealed a statistically significant improvement in posttest scores (p <0.05), confirming the module’s effectiveness in enhancing students’ understanding of rational numbers. These findings suggest that self-instructional and supplemental modules, when well-designedand aligned with learners’ needs, can significantly improve student performance in mathematics.