Thermal degradation kinetics of phenylbutanoids in Zingiber montanum extract and stability improvement by oil extraction

E)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) butadiene (DMPBD) and (E)-4-(3 ,4 -dimethoxyphenyl)-but-3-en-1-ol (Compound D), both phenylbutanoids, are recognized as potent anti-inflammatory agents predominantly found in the essential oil or rhizome extract of Zingiber montanum.The instability of phenylbutanoids plays a pivotal role in determining the efficacy of formulations containing extracts or essential oils derived from Z. montanum rhizomes.This current study aimed to demonstrate the impact of temperature on the Compound D and DMPBD present in Z. montanum extract (ZME) and Z. montanum oil (ZMO) obtained by hot oil extraction.The stability of Compound D and DMPBD is assessed by investigating thermal degradation kinetics and predicting shelf life using Arrhenius plot models.The findings unveiled that Compound D and DMPBD exhibit degradation following a first-order kinetic model.Under this model, the predicted shelf life of ZME at 25 C for Compound D and DMPBD amounts to 12.14 days and 10.18 days, respectively.In contrast, the anticipated shelf life of these compounds in ZMO extends to 480.31 days and 188.57days, respectively.Consequently, Compound D and DMPBD within ZMO hold significant promise for further advancement in product development.