Do Human Capital and Renewable Energy Consumption Matter for the EKC Hypothesis in the Case of SAARC Countries?

This study reassesses the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, emphasizing the influence of human capital and renewable energy consumption in SAARC countries. By employing the panel-corrected standard error (PCSE) model, the results suggest that enhancing human capital and shifting towards renewable energy sources significantly contribute to reducing carbon dioxide emissions. The paper advocates nuanced policies to address environmental issues without hindering economic growth, emphasizing the shift to renewable energy sources and improving human capital through skill-based education curricula to instill environmental awareness.