Numerical Study on Nozzle Group Atomization Cooling: Effects of Pressure, Tilt Angle and Spacing on Enhanced Heat Transfer

This study investigates the improved heat transfer process of multi-nozzle arrangements through numerical analysis. A dis-crete phase based numerical model is developed to analyse the secondary atomization and heat transfer characteristics under different conditions. The effects of pressure, spacing and tilt angle of the nozzle group on the atomization cooling perfor-mance are evaluated. The results indicate that increasing the pressure can significantly improve the heat transfer capacity. The higher the pressure, the lower the hot wall temperatures and the higher the heat transfer coefficient. The nozzle tilt angle also has a significant impact. The heat transfer performance for a 30° tilt angle is optimal, while for a 15° tilt angle is poor. Increasing the number of nozzles can improve the cooling to a limited extent. In addition, nozzle spacing will affect temper-ature distribution, thereby achieving optimal cooling at intermediate distances. The results can provide valuable insights for optimizing multi-nozzle configurations of efficient heat transfer in industrial applications.