Engineering of a Bilayer Film Made From Decellularized Amniotic Membrane and Emulsion for Skin Tissue Engineering Applications

ABSTRACT Amniotic membrane (AM) is a popular corneal reconstruction dressing. Low mechanical strength, high biodegradation, and difficult handling make its use in medical procedures problematic. The study involved decellularizing and lyophilizing AM, then covering it with a thin layer of a core‐shell structured emulsion of polycarbonate urethane (PCU) and silk fibroin (SF) using spinning at different speeds. This resulted in an ultrathin bilayer wound dressing membrane (less than 80 μm in thickness), which improved both mechanical behavior and transparency. The covering of PCU‐silk on AM created a three‐dimensional environment with nano/microstructures conducive to stem cell development and multiplication. The biological and mechanical properties of the bilayer membrane were meticulously analyzed in vitro. The scaffold exhibited markedly enhanced mechanical characteristics in comparison to additive manufacturing alone. The decellularized AM served as the outer layer, providing a biomimetic and biocompatible surface for cell adhesion and tissue regeneration. The core‐shell structure, consisting of PCU and silk, offered mechanical strength and flexibility to the dressing. The fabricated dressing was evaluated for its physical, biological, and mechanical properties. Results showed that the bilayer wound dressing possessed suitable characteristics for wound‐healing applications, such as high tensile strength, good biocompatibility, and enhanced cell adhesion properties. Overall, the developed dressing holds great promise for promoting wound healing and skin tissue regeneration.