Multitasking Between Realities: An Examination of Multitasking Using Augmented Reality Under Different Task Demand Levels

This study investigated how optical see-through head-mounted displays (OST-HMDs) affect multitasking performance and perceived workload when switching between real-world and augmented reality (AR) contexts. Using a multitasking simulation on the Magic Leap 2 OST-HMD, participants performed a series of monitoring and input tasks under varying levels of task demand. Results showed that AR use led to significantly higher error rates, longer response times, and greater perceived workload compared to a desktop-only condition. Multitasking with AR also amplified the impact of increased task demand on workload and error rate in some tasks. These findings underscore the need for more careful design of AR systems, particularly in high-stakes environments where frequent context switching and multitasking are required.