Does trigger point sensitivity affect proprioception?

Aims: Trigger points are classified into two types: active and latent. Both are commonly associated with muscle dysfunction and restricted range of motion. While active trigger points cause localized or referred pain, latent trigger points elicit pain only upon palpation. This study was designed to investigate the effects of trigger point sensitivity in the upper trapezius muscle on proprioception. Methods: A total of 69 participants aged 18–40 years were included in this study and were divided into three groups: the control group, the active trigger point group, and the latent trigger point group. Sociodemographic data were collected from the participants, and cervical joint range of motion, neck functions, and position errors in flexion, extension, and rotation movements were assessed. Results: Significant differences were found between the groups in terms of cervical joint range of motion and position errors, with the active trigger point group exhibiting the most pronounced impairments. Both the active and latent trigger point groups demonstrated higher position errors compared to the control group, with the active trigger point group showing the most severe dysfunctions. Conclusion: The data indicate that trigger points, particularly active ones, negatively impact position sense, affecting movement and posture. Therefore, it is crucial to address trigger point sensitivity more frequently in clinical practice and future research, as it plays a critical role in pain and functional loss. The findings highlight the need for further studies investigating the effects of trigger points in different muscles and regions on proprioception.