Diversity and Seasonal Variation of Odonates in Selected Wetlands of Madurai District

This study was conducted in the wetlands of the Madurai district to elucidate the diversity, distribution, and seasonal dynamics of Odonate species. Employing the fixed area transect method and the visual encounter survey method for fieldwork, the research identified 28 Odonate species, consisting of 19 dragonflies and 9 damselflies across five families. The dominant families observed included Libellulidae, Coenagrionidae, and Gomphidae, with the Anisoptera suborder prevailing over Zygoptera. Areas such as Kovil Papakudi and Vandiyur displayed high diversity, while Thenkarai and Avaniyapuram had lower counts, influenced by significant factors such as reduced vegetation cover and pollution. Seasonal variations revealed that the monsoon season showcased the highest diversity, particularly in October, which aligns with the reproductive behaviours of Indian Odonate species. Crucial factors affecting Odonate diversity included temperature, precipitation patterns, declining water levels, and vegetation. Preserving aquatic habitats has emerged as a vital strategy for safeguarding these species. The findings provide valuable insights for conservation efforts and emphasize the need for habitat restoration in the wetland ecosystem of the Madurai district.